Test on Biological Psychology: Systems and Behavior

Question 1: The brain's ability to reorganize in response to damage is limited to only building entirely new pathways, without any reorganization of existing tissue.

A. Ano

B. Ne

Explanation: The study materials state that 'Some of the brains tissue can reorganize in response to damage' and plasticity involves 'reorganizing after damage or by building new pathways based on experience,' indicating that reorganization of existing tissue is a component of the brain's response to damage, not just building new pathways.

Question 2: Which of the following statements accurately describe characteristics or implications of dual processing, according to the provided study materials?

A. Dual processing involves simultaneous operation on separate conscious and unconscious tracks.

B. The high road of dual processing is deliberate and reflective, while the low road is automatic and intuitive.

C. A visual action track, as part of dual processing, enables us to recognize things and plan future actions.

D. Conscious attention can manage multiple aspects of a problem simultaneously, similar to parallel processing.

Explanation: Dual processing is defined as the principle that information is often simultaneously processed on separate conscious and unconscious tracks. The study materials also state that the high road is reflective (deliberate), and the low road is intuitive (automatic). Option 2 is correct. Option 0 is correct based on the definition. Option 2 is incorrect because the visual perception track enables us to 'think about the world'—to recognize things and to plan future actions, while the visual action track guides moment-to-moment movements. Option 3 is incorrect because the materials state that 'conscious attention can be in only one place at a time', and parallel processing is generally used for well-learned or easy problems, not necessarily by conscious attention.

Question 3: The somatic nervous system and the autonomic nervous system are both divisions of the peripheral nervous system.

A. Ano

B. Ne

Explanation: The study materials state that the peripheral nervous system has two components: the somatic nervous system and the autonomic nervous system (ANS).

Question 4: The central nervous system is made up of the brain and the spinal cord.

A. Ano

B. Ne

Explanation: The study materials define the central nervous system (CNS) as 'the brain and spinal cord, bodys decision maker'.

Question 5: Which statement accurately describes how neurotransmitters influence neuronal communication?

A. Neurotransmitters are electrical signals that directly travel down the axon to the next neuron.

B. When released by the sending neuron, neurotransmitters travel across the synapse and bind to receptor sites on the receiving neuron, influencing whether it generates a neural impulse.

C. Excess neurotransmitters are only reabsorbed by the sending neuron through a process called reuptake.

D. Neurotransmitter systems operate in isolation, with each system having a single, dedicated effect on behavior.

Explanation: Neurotransmitters are chemical messengers that cross the synaptic gap and bind to receptor sites on the receiving neuron, influencing its activity. Excess neurotransmitters can also drift away or be broken down by enzymes, not just reabsorbed. Furthermore, neurotransmitter systems interact, and their effects vary with the receptors they stimulate, meaning they do not operate in isolation.