Flashcards on In Vitro Maturation: Biphasic Protocols
In Vitro Maturation: Biphasic Protocols Explained
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In vitro oocyte maturation methods
46 cards
Card 1
Question: What is in vitro maturation (IVM) of oocytes described as in the content?
Answer: IVM is the maturation of oocytes in vitro with no or minimal ovarian stimulation.
Card 2
Question: What was the initial IVM protocol used at IVFMD – My Duc Hospital starting in 2006?
Answer: They started with an hCG-IVM protocol in 2006.
Card 3
Question: What are the three common IVM protocol categories mentioned?
Answer: IVM with hCG-triggering (hCG IVM), Standard IVM, and (implicitly) biphasic IVM approaches.
Card 4
Question: What does hCG-IVM typically include in terms of ovarian preparation?
Answer: FSH priming for 2–6 days followed by an hCG trigger before oocyte pick-up (OPU) and one-step IVM culture.
Card 5
Question: How is Standard IVM characterized in terms of FSH priming and hCG?
Answer: Standard IVM uses short or no FSH priming (0–3 days), no hCG trigger, and one-step IVM culture.
Card 6
Question: List the main problems associated with older/standard IVM protocols.
Answer: Low maturation rate, poor oocyte quality, low numbers of embryos, and poor embryo quality.
Card 7
Question: What cellular issue contributes to poor outcomes in old IVM protocols?
Answer: Early meiosis resumption caused by hCG and/or OPU leading to discrepancy between genetic and cytoplasmic maturation.
Card 8
Question: What is the purpose of preventing meiotic resumption in biphasic IVM approaches?
Answer: To maintain oocyte meiotic arrest and improve coordination of nuclear and cytoplasmic maturation.
Card 9
Question: What are transzonal projections (TZPs) and their role mentioned in the content?
Answer: TZPs are communications between immature oocytes and surrounding cumulus/granulosa cells before meiotic resumption.
Card 10
Question: What are some clinical motivations for using IVM instead of conventional ovarian stimulation?
Answer: To reduce medication cost, avoid ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS), minimize monitoring and injections, and offer a safer, less burdensome alte