Test on Cartilage Repair, Grafting, and Tissue Engineering

Question 1: The three-dimensional costal cartilage framework for auricular reconstruction is typically constructed from a single, intact piece of costal cartilage without any initial cutting or division.

A. Yes

B. No

Explanation: The study materials state that the remaining costal cartilage, after fabrication of the three-dimensional costal cartilage framework, is cut into 2–3-mm blocks before being returned to the perichondrium.

Question 2: Which of the following techniques for harvesting auricular composite grafts from the helical base requires the removal of a full-thickness wedge of cartilage from the triangular fossa to prevent buckling of the ear at the donor site?

A. Technique 1, for grafts less than 1 cm

B. Technique 2, for grafts with a cartilaginous base of 1-1.5 cm

C. Technique 4, for grafts with a width of 1-1.2 cm

D. Technique 5, for composite grafts wider than 1.5 cm

Explanation: According to the study materials, Technique 2, which is designed for composite grafts with a cartilaginous base of 1-1.5 cm from the helical base, requires a full-thickness wedge of cartilage to be removed from the triangular fossa to prevent buckling of the ear. The other techniques manage donor site closure differently, without this specific step for buckling prevention related to the triangular fossa.

Question 3: Free auricular composite grafts are particularly useful for repairing large nasal defects because they overcome the limitation of immediate blood supply.

A. Yes

B. No

Explanation: Free auricular composite grafts have a limited size due to the lack of immediate blood supply after transplantation, making them unsuitable for large nasal defects. Microvascularly transferred auricular composite grafts, not free grafts, are the ones that can overcome this limit for large nasal defects.

Question 4: According to the provided study materials, which of the following characteristics make perichondrium grafts suitable for nasal surgery, as reported by Boccieri and Marianetti?

A. They are particularly suitable for covering every part of the cartilaginous graft due to their thinness and malleability.

B. They can be used to eliminate sharp ridges and irregularities in the cartilaginous contour caused by numerous grafts.

C. They are commonly employed in primary rhinoplasty due to their robust structure.

D. They can be folded into various layers when greater thickness is needed for filling certain areas and are used in secondary rhinoplasty.

Explanation: The study materials state that perichondrium grafts are suitable for covering cartilaginous grafts due to their thinness and malleability. They are also used to eliminate sharp ridges and irregularities in the cartilaginous contour. Furthermore, they can be folded into various layers for greater thickness and are commonly used in secondary rhinoplasty. The material does not mention their use specifically in primary rhinoplasty or that their suitability is due to a robust structure, but rather their thinness and malleability.

Question 5: The clinical application of perichondrial grafts for cartilage regeneration is widely adopted for all conditions requiring cartilage repair.

A. Yes

B. No

Explanation: The study materials state that the clinical application of perichondrial grafts for cartilage regeneration remains limited to certain conditions, such as the reconstruction of degenerated knee joint cartilages.