Flashcards on Cartilage Repair, Grafting, and Tissue Engineering
Cartilage Repair, Grafting, and Tissue Engineering Explained
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Cartilage tissue engineering - facial/auricular reconstruction
59 cards
Card 1
Question: What was the purpose of using CAD/CAM technology in engineering an auricular (ear-shaped) cartilage scaffold?
Answer: To generate 3D positive and negative image data of a normal ear, print a half-size mold with the ear's 3D structure, and fabricate a scaffold that clo
Card 2
Question: What materials and method were used to make the ear-shaped scaffold from the plaster mold?
Answer: PGA nonwoven mesh (~100 µm thickness) coated with 1% (w/v) polylactic acid (PLA) in methylene chloride; the fabric was shaped using the plaster prosth
Card 3
Question: How were chondrocytes obtained and prepared for seeding onto the ear scaffold?
Answer: Tissues were digested (~12–18 hours), filtered and centrifuged to collect chondrocytes, which were then expanded in vitro before seeding.
Card 4
Question: What cell seeding density and incubation steps were used when preparing the cell–scaffold construct for the ear?
Answer: 3 mL of chondrocyte suspension at 1.5 × 10^8 cells was applied; scaffold incubated 4 hours for attachment, then cultured in medium at 37°C, 5% CO2 for
Card 5
Question: What culture medium supplements were used during in vitro culture of the ear cell–scaffold construct?
Answer: Hamm’s F-12 medium supplemented with 10% fetal calf serum, 5 µg/mL ascorbic acid, 292 µg/mL L-glutamine, 100 U/mL penicillin, and 100 µg/mL streptomyc
Card 6
Question: How was the engineered ear construct supported and implanted in vivo after 1 week of in vitro culture?
Answer: It was implanted into subcutaneous tissue of a nude mouse with an external stent outside the skin to maintain shape.
Card 7
Question: What outcome was observed after 12 weeks of in vivo implantation of the ear cell–scaffold construct?
Answer: An ear cartilage structure formed with a 3D shape almost identical to a human ear.
Card 8
Question: How was similarity between engineered scaffold and original ear shape quantified in the CAD/CAM-assisted method?
Answer: The scaffold was laser-scanned to generate a 3D image, digitally compared with the original ear 3D image, achieving >97% similarity to the positive mo
Card 9
Question: Describe the step involving PGA unwoven fibers and PLA solution in the CAD/CAM-assisted ear fabrication.
Answer: PGA unwoven fibers were inserted into the 3D-printed mold and coated with 0.3% PLA solution to generate a relatively solid ear-shaped scaffold materia
Card 10
Question: What does the described pioneering study demonstrate regarding translation of cartilage engineering research?
Answer: It provides an example of translating cartilage engineering to plastic surgery application, specifically engineered auricular reconstruction using cel