Flashcards de Ligações Iônicas: Formação e Propriedades
Ligações Iônicas: Formação, Propriedades e Exemplos Práticos
Toque para virar · Deslize para navegar
Ionic Compounds
11 cartões
Cartão 1
Pergunta: What is an ionic compound made of?
Resposta: A cation (positive ion) and an anion (negative ion) attracted by opposite electric charges, forming a crystal lattice.
Cartão 2
Pergunta: How do cations and anions arrange in an ionic solid to keep overall charge neutrality?
Resposta: They combine in proportions that give equal total positive and negative charge (e.g., 1:1 for Na+ and Cl−), producing a neutral crystal lattice.
Cartão 3
Pergunta: Using sodium (Na) and chlorine (Cl) as an example, how do you determine their usual ionic charges from electronic configuration?
Resposta: Find valence electrons from the electron configuration: Na has 1 valence electron → tends to lose it → Na+; Cl has 7 valence electrons → tends to gain
Cartão 4
Pergunta: Write the ionic formula for sodium chloride using ion symbols.
Resposta: Na+ Cl− → formula: NaCl.
Cartão 5
Pergunta: What is the typical physical state and structure of ionic compounds at room temperature (25 °C, 1 atm)?
Resposta: They are usually solid, crystalline materials.
Cartão 6
Pergunta: List common physical properties of ionic compounds mentioned in the content.
Resposta: High melting and boiling points; conduct electricity when molten or in aqueous solution (electrolytes); crystalline, hard, and brittle; mostly soluble
Cartão 7
Pergunta: Can a compound that contains covalent bonds still be classified as ionic? Give the reasoning from the content.
Resposta: Yes. If the compound contains ionic bonding between a cation and an anion (even if the ions themselves have internal covalent bonds, like NH4+ or SO4^
Cartão 8
Pergunta: Give examples of complex ions that can act as cations or anions in ionic compounds.
Resposta: Ammonium (NH4+) is an example of a complex cation; sulfate (SO4^2−) and nitrate (NO3−) are examples of complex anions.
Cartão 9
Pergunta: Why do ionic compounds conduct electricity only when molten or dissolved?
Resposta: In solid form ions are fixed in the crystal lattice and cannot move; when molten or in aqueous solution ions are free to move and carry electric curre
Cartão 10
Pergunta: Describe the local ionic environment in the crystal structure of NaCl as given in the content.
Resposta: Each sodium ion is surrounded by 6 chloride ions, and each chloride ion is surrounded by 6 sodium ions in the crystal lattice.