Flashcards on Treacher-Collins Syndrome: Surgical Management

Treacher-Collins Syndrome: Comprehensive Surgical Management

1 / 44

What are the four surgical stages commonly used in craniofacial reconstructive surgery for complex deformities?

1) Correct functional emergencies (eg, airway, corneal exposure). 2) Zygomaticomaxillary reconstruction with cranial bone grafts (usually age 2–4). 3)

Tap to flip · Swipe to navigate

Craniofacial reconstructive surgery

44 cards

Card 1

Question: What are the four surgical stages commonly used in craniofacial reconstructive surgery for complex deformities?

Answer: 1) Correct functional emergencies (eg, airway, corneal exposure). 2) Zygomaticomaxillary reconstruction with cranial bone grafts (usually age 2–4). 3)

Card 2

Question: What functional emergencies are addressed in the first stage of craniofacial reconstruction and how are they managed?

Answer: Respiratory distress is managed with early mandibular distraction or tracheostomy; corneal exposure is managed with eyelid reconstruction.

Card 3

Question: What is the primary goal of the third stage (mandibular distraction) in craniofacial reconstruction?

Answer: Bilateral elongation of the ascending ramus and closure of the anterior open bite to establish proper mandibular function and occlusion.

Card 4

Question: When is distraction osteogenesis of the reconstructed zygomaticomaxillary complexes typically performed and why?

Answer: Usually between 5 and 8 years of age, when zygomaticomaxillary growth is the limiting factor in overall craniofacial growth.

Card 5

Question: What are the key surgical principles for reconstructing full-thickness lower eyelid colobomas?

Answer: Reconstruct all eyelid components; commonly use a superior eyelid myocutaneous flap rotated down (Z-plasty along coloboma borders), release the orbita

Card 6

Question: What donor site and graft design are preferred by the author for zygomaticomaxillary reconstruction and why?

Answer: Parietal (calvarial) bone grafts are preferred. A paper template of the malar bone, zygomatic arch, and lateral orbit is used to design bilateral sing

Card 7

Question: How are free parietal bone grafts fixed in zygomaticomaxillary reconstruction to ensure stability?

Answer: The grafts are fixed to the orbital and maxillary bone with 3–4 screws (about 16 mm); the posterior graft surface should contact the masseter and loca

Card 8

Question: What challenges are characteristic of zygomaticomaxillary reconstruction?

Answer: Large amount of bone required, need to adapt grafts to defect contour, achieve necessary projection, and avoid secondary bone resorption.

Card 9

Question: What preoperative assessments are important for patient selection in craniofacial reconstructive surgery?

Answer: Careful physical exam of retropharyngeal space for airway risk (micrognathia), assessment of hearing and speech, and dental impressions to plan mandib

Card 10

Question: What are the main treatment goals of craniofacial reconstructive surgery as described in the content?

Answer: Correct colobomas, reconstruct malar bones and zygomatic arches, establish adequate maxillomandibular relationship with functional occlusion, harmoniz