Flashcards on Traumatic Brain and Vascular Injuries
Traumatic Brain and Vascular Injuries: A Student's Guide
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Traumatic brain injury
64 cards
Card 1
Question: What imaging finding indicates an intramural hematoma after acute dissection of the internal carotid artery on T1-weighted MRI?
Answer: Crescentic T1 hyperintensity of the intramural hematoma.
Card 2
Question: On noncontrast time-of-flight MRA, what common feature indicates traumatic dissection of the internal carotid at the skull base?
Answer: Focal narrowing (stenosis) of the internal carotid at the skull base.
Card 3
Question: How does contrast-enhanced MRA of head and neck correlate with noncontrast MRA in skull-base internal carotid dissection?
Answer: It also shows corresponding stenosis at the site of the skull-base internal carotid dissection.
Card 4
Question: How does the character (duration) of accelerational force influence the type of brain injury produced?
Answer: Very short acceleration/deceleration produces more severe cortical contusions and intracranial hematomas; longer acceleration/deceleration is associat
Card 5
Question: Which type of traumatic event is DAI more commonly associated with, and which events more commonly cause contusions and hematomas?
Answer: DAI is more common in motor vehicle accidents; contusions and hematomas are more frequent in falls.
Card 6
Question: What brain tissue is primarily involved in cortical contusions?
Answer: Superficial gray matter (focal brain injury involving cortical gray matter).
Card 7
Question: Compared with DAI, how likely are patients with cortical contusions to have loss of consciousness at the time of injury and what is the prognosis?
Answer: Patients with cortical contusions are much less likely to have loss of consciousness at injury and have a better prognosis than those with DAI.
Card 8
Question: How common are contusions in severe head trauma and how well are they detected on CT?
Answer: Contusions are very common in severe head trauma and are usually well seen on CT scans.
Card 9
Question: Where do cortical contusions characteristically occur relative to skull anatomy?
Answer: Near bony protuberances of the skull and skull base; common sites include temporal lobes above the petrous bone or posterior to the greater sphenoid w
Card 10
Question: Are cortical contusions typically unilateral or bilateral, single or multiple, and how often hemorrhagic compared with DAI?
Answer: They tend to be multiple and bilateral and are more commonly hemorrhagic than DAI.