Flashcards on Surgical Flap Classification and Applications
Surgical Flap Classification & Applications for Students
Tap to flip · Swipe to navigate
Flap techniques — Reconstruction
76 cards
Card 1
Question: What general considerations determine selection of a specific fascia or fasciocutaneous flap for reconstruction?
Answer: Proximity to the defect (for rotational flaps), sufficient size and bulk, suitability for areas not requiring bulk, preoperative assessment of vascula
Card 2
Question: Why must perforating vessels be assessed preoperatively when planning a fasciocutaneous flap?
Answer: The presence or absence of sufficient perforators determines whether the specific fasciocutaneous flap can be used and guides design of the skin islan
Card 3
Question: What donor-site considerations are important when choosing a fascia or fasciocutaneous flap?
Answer: Whether the donor defect can be closed primarily (fascial flaps usually can), whether a skin graft is required for large skin islands, and patient pre
Card 4
Question: Can fasciocutaneous flaps restore sensation? Give examples of common fasciocutaneous flaps.
Answer: Yes, restoration of sensation is possible. Examples include the lateral arm flap, radial forearm flap, deltoid flap, anterolateral thigh flap, and ten
Card 5
Question: List regional and distant muscle/musculocutaneous flaps commonly used for head and neck reconstruction.
Answer: Regional flaps: temporalis, sternocleidomastoid, platysma. Distant flaps: pectoralis major, trapezius, latissimus dorsi.
Card 6
Question: Which muscles are commonly used for microvascular transplantation in head and neck reconstruction?
Answer: Radial forearm, rectus abdominis, latissimus, and scapular flaps.
Card 7
Question: When should selective arteriography be considered before harvesting a muscle flap?
Answer: If there is history of prior surgery near the vascular pedicle of the proposed muscle flap, if muscle paralysis is noted on exam, or when earlier moto
Card 8
Question: What are important considerations regarding the vascular pedicle when planning a muscle or musculocutaneous flap?
Answer: The status of the vascular pedicle must be known preoperatively; prior surgeries or nerve division may have compromised it, so arteriography may be re
Card 9
Question: What factors about the harvested skin must be evaluated when selecting a cutaneous or musculocutaneous flap?
Answer: The cutaneous territory must be sufficient in size, have acceptable texture, and be an acceptable match to the recipient site (e.g., not hair-bearing
Card 10
Question: Which flaps can provide restoration of sensation or motor function if needed?
Answer: Select muscle, musculocutaneous, and fasciocutaneous flaps such as serratus muscle, rectus abdominis, and latissimus dorsi can provide sensation or re