Test on Retinal Vascular Diseases: Pathophysiology and Management

Question 1: On the AngioPlex platform, the OCTA layer that includes photoreceptors and the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is consistently referred to as "outer retina."

A. Ano

B. Ne

Explanation: According to the study materials, for the photoreceptors and RPE layer, on the AngioPlex platform, it is called “avascular,” while on the AngioVue platform, it is called “outer retina.” Therefore, the statement that it is consistently called "outer retina" on AngioPlex is incorrect.

Question 2: How many predefined macular en face OCT angiograms are offered by AngioPlex?

A. Four

B. Five

C. Six

D. Seven

Explanation: The study materials explicitly state that 'AngioPlex offers six predefined macular en face OCT angiograms'.

Question 3: Neovascular Glaucoma is not a sequela of diabetic retinopathy.

A. Ano

B. Ne

Explanation: The study materials explicitly list Neovascular Glaucoma as a sequela under the section titled 'Sequela... NVI and NVA... NV Glaucoma DME'.

Question 4: According to the provided study materials, which statement best describes the clinical significance of venous beading in diabetic retinopathy?

A. It is a sign of neovascularization, indicating active proliferation.

B. It reflects increasing retinal ischemia and is a strong predictor of proliferative diabetic retinopathy.

C. It is an early sign of diabetic macular edema caused by lipid exudates.

D. It indicates disruption of axoplasmic flow in the nerve fiber layer, similar to cotton wool spots.

Explanation: The study materials state that venous beading 'Reflects increasing retinal Ischemia' and is 'A strong predictor of the development of PDR'. It is also a criterion for Severe NPDR, not an early sign or a type of neovascularization itself. Cotton wool spots are linked to disruption of axoplasmic flow, not venous beading.

Question 5: Is Panretinal Photocoagulation (PRP) a recommended treatment for patients diagnosed with high-risk Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy (PDR)?

A. Ano

B. Ne

Explanation: Most patients with high-risk PDR should receive PRP for the regression of retinal neovascularization, and the study materials explicitly state that patients with high-risk PDR need PRP.