Flashcards on Research Methods and Statistical Concepts
Research Methods and Statistical Concepts: Your Essential Guide
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Research Methods and Design
28 cards
Card 1
Question: What is the difference between stratified sampling and quota sampling?
Answer: Stratified sampling divides the population into strata and selects members randomly from each stratum to ensure representation; quota sampling also di
Card 2
Question: How does stratified sampling differ from cluster sampling?
Answer: Stratified sampling samples individuals from each defined stratum across the population; cluster sampling samples entire groups (clusters) randomly an
Card 3
Question: Why is classifying research by purpose, method, or design important for validity and reliability?
Answer: Classification guides appropriate methods, sampling, and analysis choices which affect measurement accuracy (validity) and consistency (reliability),
Card 4
Question: How does understanding research classification help researchers make informed decisions during a study?
Answer: It informs selection of design, data collection techniques, sampling strategies, and analysis approaches aligned with research goals (e.g., explorator
Card 5
Question: What is the relationship between theory development and empirical evidence in quantitative research?
Answer: Quantitative research typically tests hypotheses derived from theory using empirical data; theories are refined or falsified based on statistical evid
Card 6
Question: What is the relationship between theory development and empirical evidence in qualitative research?
Answer: Qualitative research often generates or extends theory inductively from rich empirical data, producing theories grounded in observed patterns and mean
Card 7
Question: Give an example of a theory developed from quantitative research (as per the content).
Answer: The content indicates quantitative approaches develop theories by testing hypotheses against empirical data (no specific theory named).
Card 8
Question: Give an example of a theory developed from qualitative research (as per the content).
Answer: The content indicates qualitative approaches can produce theories grounded in data through inductive analysis (no specific theory named).
Card 9
Question: How do innovation and R&D investments contribute to competitive advantage?
Answer: Investments in innovation and R&D can create new or improved products/processes that differentiate a firm, enabling higher performance and market adva
Card 10
Question: How do basic and applied research differ in purpose?
Answer: Basic research seeks to advance general knowledge and theory; applied research translates basic findings to practical uses that meet specific needs.