Flashcards on Radiology of Retroperitoneal and Urogenital Pathologies
Radiology of Retroperitoneal & Urogenital Pathologies
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Renal disease & urinary tract pathology
60 cards
Card 1
Question: What are the two benign pancreatic/renal-related lesions mentioned at the start of the content?
Answer: Islet cell tumors (insulinoma) and serous cystadenomas.
Card 2
Question: How can renal cysts be classified based on appearance?
Answer: 1) Simple renal cyst 2) Complex/atypical renal cyst.
Card 3
Question: How can renal cysts be classified based on location?
Answer: 1) Renal cortex (exophytic renal cyst) 2) Renal sinus (parapelvic and peripelvic cysts) 3) Medulla.
Card 4
Question: What other name is used for an atypical renal cyst and what does it imply?
Answer: AKA complex or not simple; it does not meet all criteria for a simple cyst and may have features suggesting complication or malignancy.
Card 5
Question: List ultrasound or clinical findings that make a renal cyst 'atypical' or suspicious.
Answer: Septated or multilocular, wall calcification, irregular walls, or a solid mass within the cystic area (suspicious for malignancy).
Card 6
Question: What are two causes of atypical cyst appearance mentioned and their associated lab or US findings?
Answer: 1) Infected cyst: increased WBC count, fever/chills, US shows internal echoes. 2) Hemorrhagic cyst: decreased hematocrit, hematuria, pain, US shows lo
Card 7
Question: What are parapelvic and peripelvic cysts and which category do they fall under?
Answer: They are cysts located in the renal sinus region and are classified under renal cysts by location (renal sinus - parapelvic/peripelvic cysts).
Card 8
Question: Name conditions that can mimic hydronephrosis (false-positive hydronephrosis).
Answer: Extrarenal pelvis, parapelvic and peripelvic cysts, prominent renal vein, and overdistention of the urinary bladder.
Card 9
Question: Define hydronephrosis (obstructive uropathy).
Answer: Dilation of the renal collecting system secondary to obstruction of normal urine flow, with dilation proximal to the level of obstruction; if untreate
Card 10
Question: What are common signs and symptoms of hydronephrosis?
Answer: Flank pain, hematuria, and bladder symptoms from prostate enlargement.