Flashcards on Radiation Effects on Tissues and Organs
Radiation Effects on Tissues and Organs: A Student Guide
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Radiation effects
41 cards
Card 1
Question: Which organ systems can suffer life-threatening effects from radiation exposure?
Answer: Hematopoietic system, gastrointestinal tract, cardiovascular system, and central nervous system.
Card 2
Question: Which tissue is noted as having very severe effects from radiation exposure?
Answer: The skin.
Card 3
Question: State the Rule of Bergonié and Tribondeau about radiosensitivity.
Answer: Tissues are more radiosensitive if their cells are less well differentiated and divide more rapidly.
Card 4
Question: Which cell category is most radiosensitive and give examples.
Answer: Vegetative intermitotic cells (high sensitivity); examples: erythroblasts, intestinal crypt cells, germinal cells of epidermis.
Card 5
Question: Which cell category is least radiosensitive and give examples.
Answer: Fixed postmitotic cells (low sensitivity); examples: nerve cells and muscle cells.
Card 6
Question: Between which groups does connective tissue cell sensitivity lie?
Answer: Intermediate in sensitivity between groups II (differentiating intermitotic) and III (reverting postmitotic).
Card 7
Question: List skin structures that are more sensitive to radiation.
Answer: Keratinocytes, hair follicles, and sebaceous glands are more sensitive.
Card 8
Question: List skin structures that are more resistant to radiation.
Answer: Sweat glands and connective tissue are more resistant.
Card 9
Question: What skin effect typically occurs at doses >2 Gy and how does it change at >7 Gy?
Answer: Epilation (hair loss) occurs; it is temporary above 2 Gy and becomes permanent above about 7 Gy.
Card 10
Question: What skin reaction is expected between 2–10 Gy?
Answer: Erythema.