Flashcards on pH, acids and bases
pH, Acids and Bases: A Student's Comprehensive Guide
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Acids and Bases
60 cards
Card 1
Question: What were the historical characteristics used to recognize acids?
Answer: Sour taste, ability to dissolve certain metals, and capacity to turn blue litmus paper red.
Card 2
Question: What were the historical characteristics used to recognize bases?
Answer: Bitter taste, slippery feel, and ability to turn red litmus paper blue.
Card 3
Question: How does the Arrhenius definition describe an acid?
Answer: An Arrhenius acid is a substance that produces hydrogen ions (H⁺) when dissolved in water.
Card 4
Question: How does the Arrhenius definition describe a base?
Answer: An Arrhenius base is a substance that produces hydroxide ions (OH⁻) when dissolved in water.
Card 5
Question: According to the Arrhenius definition, why is HCl considered an acid?
Answer: HCl is an Arrhenius acid because it dissociates into H⁺ and Cl⁻ in water.
Card 6
Question: According to the Arrhenius definition, why is NaOH considered a base?
Answer: NaOH is an Arrhenius base because it dissociates into Na⁺ and OH⁻.
Card 7
Question: What is a Brønsted-Lowry acid?
Answer: A Brønsted-Lowry acid is a proton (H⁺) donor.
Card 8
Question: What is a Brønsted-Lowry base?
Answer: A Brønsted-Lowry base is a proton acceptor.
Card 9
Question: In the reaction HCl(aq) + H₂O(l) → H₃O⁺(aq) + Cl⁻(aq), which substance acts as the Brønsted-Lowry acid and which as the base?
Answer: HCl donates a proton to water, making HCl an acid and H₂O a base.
Card 10
Question: What is the H₃O⁺ ion called?
Answer: The H₃O⁺ ion is called the hydronium ion.