Flashcards on Patient Preferences in Clinical Ethics
Patient Preferences in Clinical Ethics: A Student Guide
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Pediatric ethics
31 cards
Card 1
Question: Who is legally authorized to consent to medical care for infants and children?
Answer: The usual surrogates—primarily the parents of the child, or in unusual circumstances other parties authorized by law.
Card 2
Question: What two ethical issues commonly arise regarding parental surrogacy in pediatric care?
Answer: 1) Weight of parental preferences when they conflict with providers' recommendations; 2) How much respect to give children's own expressed medical pre
Card 3
Question: How does the law generally regard children in terms of competence to consent?
Answer: Children are considered legally incompetent; the law designates ages at which young persons are deemed competent to consent (statutory age of consent
Card 4
Question: What limits parental discretion over medical treatment of their children?
Answer: The child's status as a person with interests and rights and the standard of the child's best interests, plus societal obligations to protect children
Card 5
Question: How should clinicians treat the preferences of mature children?
Answer: As children become able to articulate preferences and reasons, they are entitled to increasing respect and involvement, though assessing the reasonabl
Card 6
Question: When may minors receive medical treatment without parental consent?
Answer: There are statutory exceptions in almost all jurisdictions for conditions like drug abuse and venereal disease; many states permit minors to decide ab
Card 7
Question: What is an emancipated minor and how does emancipation affect consent?
Answer: An emancipated minor lives independently of parents (physically, financially, or otherwise)—examples: married minors, those in armed forces, or living
Card 8
Question: Define the 'mature minor' doctrine as described in the content.
Answer: A mature minor is below statutory age, still dependent on parents, but appears to make reasoned judgments; physicians may sometimes honor their reques
Card 9
Question: List the four conditions under which physicians may respond to treatment requests from mature minors.
Answer: 1) Patient at age of discretion (about 15+) and appears to understand procedure and risks; 2) measures are for the patient's own benefit; 3) measures
Card 10
Question: Why should physicians clarify billing arrangements when treating mature minors?
Answer: Because medical bills sent to parents may breach the confidentiality of the minor patient.