Flashcards on Neuroimaging of Intracranial Hematomas
Neuroimaging of Intracranial Hematomas: A Student Guide
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Intracranial Hemorrhage
12 cards
Card 1
Question: What is a subarachnoid hemorrhage, and where does it typically originate in head trauma?
Answer: Bleeding into the subarachnoid space caused by the rupture of small subarachnoid vessels or the direct extension of a contusion or hematoma into the s
Card 2
Question: How does a subarachnoid hemorrhage appear on a CT scan?
Answer: Linear areas of increased density within the cisterns and sulci; collections on the convexity or near the tentorium extending into adjacent sulci.
Card 3
Question: Why might detecting a subarachnoid hemorrhage in an unconscious patient be significant, even without head trauma?
Answer: Because it can indicate an aneurysm rupture as the primary cause instead of trauma; in such cases, CT angiography or catheter angiography should be co
Card 4
Question: Which MRI sequences are more sensitive than CT for detecting acute subarachnoid hemorrhage?
Answer: FLAIR and SWI are more sensitive than CT for detecting acute subarachnoid hemorrhage.
Card 5
Question: Why is hyperacute subarachnoid hemorrhage harder to visualize on conventional MRI (T1W, T2W)?
Answer: Because in the hyperacute stage, blood can be isointense to brain parenchyma on T1W and T2W images.
Card 6
Question: How do subacute and chronic subarachnoid hemorrhages manifest on MRI?
Answer: Subacute hemorrhage may be more apparent due to high signal intensity, while chronic hemorrhage can show hemosiderin staining (superficial hemosideros
Card 7
Question: How can a subarachnoid hemorrhage lead to hydrocephalus?
Answer: It causes impaired CSF resorption at the level of the arachnoid villi, leading to outflow obstruction and subsequent hydrocephalus.
Card 8
Question: How does intraventricular hemorrhage occur in head injuries?
Answer: 1) Tearing of subependymal veins on the ventricular surface due to rotation, 2) direct extension of a parenchymal hematoma into the ventricles, 3) ret
Card 9
Question: How does intraventricular hemorrhage appear on CT?
Answer: As hyperdense material layering within the ventricular system; small collections in the corner regions may be the only indication.
Card 10
Question: What is the mechanism of hydrocephalus risk after intraventricular hemorrhage?
Answer: The hemorrhage can cause obstruction in the aqueduct or impair resorption at the arachnoid villi, leading to hydrocephalus.