Test on Neurobiology of Sexual Motivation

Question 1: The concept of sexual motivation encounters problems of definition when it is presented as a fuzzy dichotomy, such as "physiological versus subjective arousal."

A. Ano

B. Ne

Explanation: The study materials state, "The concept also runs into problems of defi- nition when it is presented as a fuzzy dichotomy, like ‘‘physiological versus subjective arousal.’’"

Question 2: According to the provided study materials, what is identified as a key neurochemical activator for sexual reward?

A. Central serotonin transmission

B. Noradrenaline and acetylcholine

C. Central opioid transmission

D. Dopamine and melanocortins

Explanation: The study materials state that 'A key neurochemical activator [for sexual reward] appears to be central opioid transmission, most notably in the medial preoptic area of the hypothalamus and ventral tegmental area of the midbrain.'

Question 3: Consummatory sexual behaviors are typically more flexible and varied compared to appetitive sexual behaviors.

A. Ano

B. Ne

Explanation: The study materials state that "Consummatory behaviors tend to be species specific, sexually differentiated, and stereotyped, whereas appetitive behaviors are more flexible."

Question 4: According to the study materials, which of the following substances are mentioned as treatments that enhance genital blood flow?

A. Sildenafil

B. Apomorphine

C. Acetylcholine

D. Oxytocin

Explanation: The study materials state that treatments enhancing genital blood flow include 'phosphodiesterase (PDE)-5 inhibitors such as sildenafil,' 'dopamine (DA) agonists such as apomorphine,' and 'oxytocin.' Acetylcholine is not mentioned in the text as a treatment that enhances genital blood flow.

Question 5: The study materials indicate that norepinephrine pathways primarily form the brain's inhibitory system for sexual behavior.

A. Ano

B. Ne

Explanation: The study materials state that the inhibitory system involves the coordinated activation of opioid pathways and serotonergic pathways, not noradrenergic pathways. Noradrenergic pathways are described as part of the excitatory system, contributing to central and autonomic arousal.