Flashcards on Legal English: Ethical Reasoning and Communication
Legal English: Ethical Reasoning & Communication Guide
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Moral Dilemmas
10 cards
Card 1
Question: What is a 'see also' or related topics section in an academic text about moral dilemmas?
Answer: A section that lists related topics, cases, and sources (e.g., examples like Kobayashi Maru, Violinist, and concepts such as virtue ethics), in additi
Card 2
Question: Name three examples of cases or thought experiments related to moral dilemmas that appear on the list.
Answer: Kobayashi Maru; Violinist (thought experiment); R v Dudley and Stephens.
Card 3
Question: Which ethical principle on the list is often contrasted in debates about moral dilemmas?
Answer: The 'Lesser of two evils' principle.
Card 4
Question: Which cognitive bias mentioned on the list influences how actions and omissions are judged in moral dilemmas?
Answer: Omission bias.
Card 5
Question: Which ethical approach on the list focuses on character and virtues rather than rules or consequences?
Answer: Virtue ethics.
Card 6
Question: Name a classic work cited in the references that discusses the problem of abortion and the doctrine of double effect.
Answer: Philippa Foot, 'The Problem of Abortion and the Doctrine of the Double Effect' in Virtues and Vices (1978).
Card 7
Question: Which author and seminal 1976 article on the trolley problem appear in the references?
Answer: Judith Jarvis Thomson, 'Killing, Letting Die, and the Trolley Problem', 1976.
Card 8
Question: What types of empirical research related to moral judgments are cited in the references?
Answer: Neuroimaging studies (fMRI), experiments on stress and moral decisions, genetics (OXTR), and studies on serotonin and harm aversion.
Card 9
Question: Name a cited study that links emotion with moral judgment.
Answer: Greene et al. (2001), 'An fMRI Investigation of Emotional Engagement in Moral Judgment'.
Card 10
Question: Which real-world legal discussion on the list is similar to theoretical moral dilemmas?
Answer: The case of 'R v Dudley and Stephens' and 'The Case of the Speluncean Explorers'.