Test on Iron Deficiency Anemia: Symptoms and Effects

Question 1: During iron deficiency, hepcidin is suppressed.

A. Ano

B. Ne

Explanation: When there is an iron deficit, hepcidin is suppressed, which leads to increased iron absorption and release of iron from stores.

Question 2: Which of the following statements about iron-deficiency anemia (IDA) are correct according to the provided study materials?

A. IDA is the most common type of anemia globally, affecting approximately 1.2 billion people.

B. IDA is defined as a reduction in hemoglobin due to depleted iron stores in the body.

C. In developed countries, the primary cause of IDA is excessive iron loss, while in developing countries it is reduced intake.

D. Iron deficiency is observed in up to 84% of women during the third trimester of pregnancy.

Explanation: Iron-deficiency anemia (IDA) is the most common type of anemia worldwide, affecting approximately 1.2 billion people, and is defined as a reduction in hemoglobin due to depleted iron stores in the body. The study materials state that in developed countries, the cause is excessive iron loss, and in developing countries, it is reduced intake. Additionally, iron deficiency is present in up to 84% of women in the third trimester of pregnancy. Option 2 (index 2) is incorrect because it reverses the causes for developed and developing countries; the material states 'V rozvinutých krajinách je príčinou nadmerná strata železa a v rozvojových znížený príjem'.

Question 3: Consuming coffee increases the absorption of oral iron.

A. Ano

B. Ne

Explanation: The study materials indicate that coffee, tea, and calcium decrease the absorption of oral iron, whereas Vitamin C may increase it.

Question 4: Is serology for celiac disease (anti-tTG IgA) considered a non-invasive testing method for all patients with Iron Deficiency Anemia?

A. Ano

B. Ne

Explanation: Non-invasive testing for all patients with Iron Deficiency Anemia includes serology for celiac disease (anti-tTG IgA) and H. pylori testing (stool or breath test).

Question 5: According to the provided study materials, which of the following are direct treatments for the *underlying cause* of Iron Deficiency Anemia (IDA)?

A. Eradication of H. pylori

B. Initiating a gluten-free diet for celiac disease

C. Regular intravenous iron infusions

D. Treatment of hypermenorrhea

Explanation: The study materials explicitly state under 'Liečba' (Treatment), point 3, 'Liečba základnej príčiny' (Treatment of the underlying cause) includes: 'zastavenie krvácania, eradikácia H. pylori, bezlepková diéta pri celiakii, liečba hypermenorey.' Eradication of H. pylori, initiating a gluten-free diet for celiac disease, and treatment of hypermenorrhea are all listed as ways to treat the underlying cause. Intravenous iron infusions are listed as a treatment for IDA itself, specifically when oral iron is insufficient or contraindicated, not as a treatment for the underlying cause.