Flashcards on International Integration and the European Union
International Integration and the European Union Explained
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European integration
37 cards
Card 1
Question: What was the first step toward unification of European states in 1949 and which six countries established it?
Answer: The establishment of the Council of Europe in 1949 by Belgium, the Netherlands, Luxembourg, France, the Federal Republic of Germany, and Italy.
Card 2
Question: What commitments did member states make when they joined the Council of Europe?
Answer: To protect and support common ideals and principles, especially human rights, fundamental freedoms, and the rule of law.
Card 3
Question: What agreement created the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC) in 1951 and who signed it?
Answer: The Paris Treaty (Paris Agreement) of 1951, signed by the same six countries that set up the Council of Europe (Belgium, Netherlands, Luxembourg, Fran
Card 4
Question: What was the main incentive for establishing the ECSC?
Answer: To create a regulated coal and steel market so no European country could produce weapons uncontrollably and use them in war against another nation.
Card 5
Question: What important decisions were taken by the foreign ministers of the ECSC member states in 1955?
Answer: They decided to extend European integration to other areas of the economy, leading to new treaties.
Card 6
Question: Which two communities were created by the 1957 Treaty of Rome?
Answer: The European Economic Community (EEC) and the European Atomic Energy Community (Euratom).
Card 7
Question: What was the main aim of the European Economic Community (EEC)?
Answer: To gradually unify national economic policies to create a common market with free movement of persons, goods, services, and capital.
Card 8
Question: What were the main goals of Euratom?
Answer: Support for nuclear research, transnational scrutiny of fossil materials, use of nuclear energy for peaceful purposes, and ensuring nuclear safety.
Card 9
Question: What major institutional change happened in 1965 (effective 1 July 1967) among the three Communities?
Answer: A treaty merged the executive bodies of the ECSC, EEC, and Euratom, creating a unified Council and Commission and forming the European Community (EC).
Card 10
Question: What important trade measure did the European Community achieve on 1 July 1968?
Answer: The cancellation of tariffs on industrial products.