Flashcards on HTML and CSS Fundamentals
HTML and CSS Fundamentals: Comprehensive Student Guide
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HTML
39 cards
Card 1
Question: What is HTML (in the context of web development)?
Answer: A markup language used for structuring web documents; it's part of HTML5 (2014) and the HTML Living Standard (2019).
Card 2
Question: What are the two syntactic variants of HTML, based on content?
Answer: HTML and XHTML (the latter is stricter, adhering to XML rules).
Card 3
Question: What is XHTML 1.0, and what was its purpose?
Answer: A reformulation of HTML 4.01 based on XML rules; it introduced virtually no new features but required strict XML syntax (e.g., closing tags).
Card 4
Question: What was the purpose of XHTML 1.1?
Answer: To modularize XHTML 1.0 into modules; it wasn't widely adopted and didn't introduce new features.
Card 5
Question: What is HTML5 in the context of markup language history?
Answer: A version of HTML released in 2014, focusing on increased semantics and new elements; it later transitioned into the HTML Living Standard (2019).
Card 6
Question: Who maintains and develops web standards related to HTML?
Answer: The W3C (World Wide Web Consortium) and the WHATWG group (HTML Living Standard); currently, the primary specification is maintained by WHATWG.
Card 7
Question: What is the difference between W3C and WHATWG in the context of HTML?
Answer: The W3C is a traditional consortium led by Timothy Berners-Lee; WHATWG originated as an initiative by companies (Apple, Mozilla, Opera) and maintains
Card 8
Question: What was the evolution of the main HTML versions according to the timeline in the presentation?
Answer: 1994 – HTML 2.0; 1997 – HTML 3.2; 1999 – HTML 4.01; 2000 – XHTML 1.0; 2014 – HTML5; 2019 – HTML Living Standard.
Card 9
Question: What was the main change that HTML5 brought compared to earlier versions?
Answer: A greater emphasis on semantics, more elements, and associated APIs; it was officially defined as a markup language with associated APIs.
Card 10
Question: What does the term "HTML Living Standard" mean?
Answer: The current, continuously updated (living) HTML specification maintained by WHATWG since 2019.