Foundations of English Language Teaching: Methods & Theories
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37 cards
Question: What are the main focus and basic unit of the Grammar-Translation Method?
Answer: Focus on reading and writing; the sentence is treated as the basic unit and translation into/out of the target language is central.
Question: How is grammar taught in the Grammar-Translation Method and how is vocabulary organized?
Answer: Grammar is taught deductively with detailed analysis of rules; vocabulary is based on grammar and presented in related bilingual word lists.
Question: List two advantages and two disadvantages of the Grammar-Translation Method.
Answer: Advantages: accuracy; strong reading/writing focus. Disadvantages: translating after each sentence can lose students; passive learning.
Question: What are the main features of the Direct Method?
Answer: Instructions in the target language, emphasis on oral communication (speaking and listening), correct pronunciation, inductive grammar teaching, every
Question: Give two classroom strengths and two problems of the Direct Method.
Answer: Strengths: classroom context supports natural language use; question–answer exchanges using full sentences. Problems: requires teacher to speak the la
Question: Describe the Audiolingual Method’s approach to skills and activity order.
Answer: Oral-based approach with activity order Listening → Speaking → Reading → Writing (L-S-R-W); heavy use of drills, repetition, pattern practice, and mem
Question: What roles does the teacher play in the Audiolingual Method and what are its classroom outcomes?
Answer: Teacher is centre: models, controls, monitors, and corrects; outcomes include accurate pronunciation, vocabulary in context from dialogues, but limite
Question: State two advantages and two disadvantages of the Audiolingual Method.
Answer: Advantages: moves from oral work to text; vocabulary learned in dialogue context and pronunciation supported by drills. Disadvantages: drills can be b
Question: What is distinctive about the Silent Way in terms of teacher behavior and learner responsibility?
Answer: Teacher remains silent and gives minimal explanation or correction; learners are expected to be independent, autonomous, and self-correcting, taking r
Question: What materials and techniques are characteristic of the Silent Way?
Answer: Use of pronunciation charts (Fidels), colored rods, vocabulary charts (visual support), imperative drills, gestures, and chunk-based teaching emphasiz