Test on Foundational Concepts of Marketing Management

Question 1: The primary criterion for optimal inventory management is the minimization of total costs for acquisition, storage, and maintenance of inventory, while simultaneously ensuring full coverage of production needs and deviations.

A. Ano

B. Ne

Explanation: Optimal inventory management's basic criterion is the minimization of total costs for acquisition, storage, and maintenance of inventory, while respecting the requirement of full coverage of production needs (regular stock) and deviations (safety stock).

Question 2: What does the coefficient of overall production capacity utilization (k(C)) represent, and what factors influence its components?

A. It represents the ratio of planned production volume to actual production volume, influenced by the number of shifts and material costs.

B. It represents the ratio of actual production volume to production capacity, and its time utilization component is influenced by the number of shifts and work organization.

C. It represents the ratio of production capacity to actual production volume, and its performance utilization component is influenced by labor intensity and worker qualification.

D. It represents the ratio of actual production volume to production capacity, and its overall utilization directly correlates with increased fixed costs.

Explanation: The coefficient of overall production capacity utilization (k(C)) is defined as the ratio of the actual production volume (Q(S)) to the production capacity (Q(P)). Its component, the coefficient of time utilization (k(e)), is influenced by the number of shifts (směnnost), work organization (organizací práce), and utilization of working hours. The statement regarding fixed costs is incorrect as higher utilization leads to degression of fixed costs, not correlation with increased costs.

Question 3: The free rider problem, associated with public goods, leads to the efficient creation of a market price for these goods.

A. Ano

B. Ne

Explanation: The study materials state that the 'free rider' problem means that a market price for public goods will not be created, leading to the state ensuring their production and financing them through taxes.

Question 4: Které z následujících tvrzení je pravdivé pro záporné externality ve výrobě?

A. Křivka společenských mezních nákladů (SMC) je strmější než křivka soukromých mezních nákladů (MC).

B. Společenské mezní náklady (SMC) jsou rovny soukromým mezním nákladům (MC) mínus externí mezní náklady (EMC).

C. V bodě tržní rovnováhy je mezní užitek větší než společenské mezní náklady (SMC).

D. Snížení výroby statku spojeného se zápornou externalitou by vedlo ke snížení společenského blahobytu.

Explanation: Ve výrobě se zápornou externalitou je křivka společenských mezních nákladů (SMC) strmější než křivka soukromých mezních nákladů (MC), protože SMC rostou s rostoucím výstupem rychleji než MC. Společenské mezní náklady jsou dány vztahem SMC = MC + EMC. V bodě tržní rovnováhy je mezní užitek menší než SMC. Snížení výroby a spotřeby statku spojeného se zápornou externalitou by vedlo ke zvýšení společenského blahobytu.

Question 5: The primary negative effect of excessive inflation is that it encourages greater holding of cash due to its stable value.

A. Ano

B. Ne

Explanation: Excessive inflation leads to the loss of the real value of money, which discourages holding cash. This is described by the 'shoe leather costs' where people try to minimize holding cash that quickly loses value, leading to increased efforts to manage money, rather than encouraging greater cash holding.