Test on Ethnoveterinary Medicine and Paleoethnobotany

Question 1: The study materials indicate that Capuchin monkeys consume Balanites sp. to control schistosomiasis as a prophylactic measure.

A. Ano

B. Ne

Explanation: The study materials state that Baboons (Papio hamadryas) consume Balanites sp. to control schistosomiasis, not Capuchin monkeys. Capuchin monkeys are mentioned for fur rubbing with unspecified leaves to repel ectoparasites.

Question 2: According to the study materials, what is the specific ingestion mechanism chimpanzees use when consuming Bitter Leaf (Vernonia amygdalina) for therapeutic purposes?

A. They swallow the entire young shoots of Bitter Leaf without any prior preparation.

B. They meticulously remove the outer bark and leaves of the stems to chew and suck upon the extremely bitter pith.

C. They crush the leaves and mix them with water to drink a liquid extract.

D. They primarily consume the roots of the Bitter Leaf plant, leaving the shoots untouched.

Explanation: The study materials state that chimpanzees that appeared ill would ingest the pith of young shoots of Bitter Leaf, having 'meticulously removed the outer bark and leaves of stems to chew and suck upon the extremely bitter pith'.

Question 3: White locoweed (Oxytropis sericea) is native to North America.

A. Ano

B. Ne

Explanation: The study materials specify 'white locoweed Oxytropis sericea Nutt. North America' as a plant associated with Locoweed Disease.

Question 4: According to the study materials, what specific neurological disorder is associated with Locoweed disease?

A. Arthrogryposis

B. Torticollis

C. Incoordination

D. Kyphosis

Explanation: The study materials state that Locoweed disease causes "neurological disorders (incoordination)".

Question 5: Paleoethnobotany primarily uses the stomatal index of fossil cuticles to determine the age of archaeological plant remains.

A. Ano

B. Ne

Explanation: The stomatal index of fossil cuticles is used to identify changes in grassland environments and indicate past CO2 levels. The determination of plant remain age is primarily achieved through dendrochronology or radiocarbon dating using techniques like Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS), not by analyzing the stomatal index of fossil cuticles.