Flashcards on Ethnobotany and Nutrition in Samoa
Ethnobotany and Nutrition in Samoa: A Student's Guide
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Obesity
20 cards
Card 1
Question: What trend has occurred in the prevalence (%) of obesity (BMI ≥ 30) among adults?
Answer: Obesity prevalence among adults has increased (shift up over time).
Card 2
Question: What major lifestyle shift has contributed to rising obesity rates?
Answer: A shift in diet and lifestyle toward less healthy eating and reduced physical activity.
Card 3
Question: Name two general prevention strategies for obesity mentioned.
Answer: Active lifestyle with regular physical activity, and a lower-energy, healthier diet rich in specific micronutrients.
Card 4
Question: How does zinc relate to obesity and appetite regulation?
Answer: Zinc deficiency reduces leptin (which regulates appetite); zinc repletion reverses this effect.
Card 5
Question: What effect does the amino acid asparagine have that helps prevent fat storage?
Answer: Asparagine increases insulin sensitivity, helping the body store energy in muscle instead of as body fat.
Card 6
Question: How does biotin help with weight management?
Answer: Biotin boosts metabolism by improving glycemic control (stabilizing blood sugar) and lowering insulin, which promotes fat formation.
Card 7
Question: What role does carnitine play in reducing body fat?
Answer: Carnitine transports fatty acids into cells to be burned for fuel and helps reduce visceral (belly) fat.
Card 8
Question: How does calcium help prevent fat accumulation?
Answer: Calcium inhibits formation of new fat cells and helps oxidize (burn) existing fat cells.
Card 9
Question: What is the metabolic benefit of lipoic acid relevant to obesity prevention?
Answer: Lipoic acid improves glucose uptake into cells, helping burn carbohydrates more efficiently.
Card 10
Question: How is vitamin K status linked to body fat?
Answer: Poor vitamin K status is linked to excess fat tissue; vitamin K helps metabolize sugars.