Summary of English Present Simple and Daily Life
English Present Simple and Daily Life: Your Ultimate Guide
Introduction
Learning the months, seasons, and ordinal numbers is essential for talking about dates, birthdays, holidays, and events. In this material, you will learn how dates are written and pronounced in English, and how to relate them to the seasons and events on the school calendar.
Definition: An ordinal number indicates position in a sequence: first, second, third, etc. They are used to state dates (for example, "May 10th").
Months of the Year
The months in English (useful for understanding the calendar shown):
- January (enero)
- February (febrero)
- March (marzo)
- April (abril)
- May (mayo)
- June (junio)
- July (julio)
- August (agosto)
- September (septiembre)
- October (octubre)
- November (noviembre)
- December (diciembre)
How to Say a Month and a Date
- Written: "10th May"
- Pronunciation: "the tenth of May"
- Using 'on': "It's on 10th May" or in Spanish: "Es el 10 de mayo".
Definition: "Public holiday" means a national or local holiday when there are typically no classes or work.
Ordinal Numbers (1st–31st)
The main suffixes in English are: st, nd, rd, th. Here's how they are used:
| Suffix | English Examples | Spanish Examples |
|---|---|---|
| st | 1st — first, 21st — twenty-first | 1º — primero, 21º — vigésimo primero |
| nd | 2nd — second, 22nd — twenty-second | 2º — segundo, 22º — vigésimo segundo |
| rd | 3rd — third, 23rd — twenty-third | 3º — tercero, 23º — vigésimo tercero |
| th | 4th — fourth, 11th — eleventh, 16th — sixteenth, 30th — thirtieth | 4º — cuarto, 11º — undécimo, 16º — decimosexto, 30º — trigésimo |
Specific Examples:
- 1st — first (1º)
- 2nd — second (2º)
- 3rd — third (3º)
- 4th — fourth (4º)
- 10th — tenth (10º)
- 11th — eleventh (11º)
- 21st — twenty-first (21º)
- 31st — thirty-first (31º)
Definition: In English, the written ending (st, nd, rd, th) depends on the last digit of the number; however, numbers 11 through 13 always use "th".
Using Dates in Sentences
- Common question: "When is your birthday?"
- Answer: "It's on 22nd June."
Practice with Gabriel's Calendar (extracted examples):
- New Year is on 1st January.
- Classes start on 3rd March.
- Easter break is on 2nd April.
- Flag Day (public holiday) is on 20th June.
- Birthday: 23rd May.
- Winter break is from 18th July to 31st July.
- Final exams are from 22nd November to 30th November.
- Summer holidays start on 15th December.
Seasons and How to Find Them on the Calendar
The four seasons (they alternate in different hemispheres):
- Spring — primavera
- Summer — verano
- Autumn (or Fall) — otoño
- Winter — invierno
On the example calendar:
- Spring: 21st September (marked as the beginning of spring on this calendar)
- Summer: 15th December (the summer holiday period begins on this school calendar)
- Autumn: 3rd March (classes start in autumn according to this note)
- Winter: from 18th July to 31st July (winter break)
Comparison: "holidays/break" vs "public holiday"
| Term | Meaning | Examples |
|---|---|---|
| holidays / break | An extended break from school (school holidays) | summer holidays, Easter break |
| public holiday | A single day off from school or work | Flag Day, National Day |
Definition: "Holiday" can refer to both an extended period (like a vacation) and a single festive day, depending on the context.
Practical Activities
- Complete the sentences with calendar dates:
- "New Year is on ..."
- "Classes start on ..."
- "Flag Day is on ..."
- "Winter break is from ..."
- "Summer holidays are from ..."
- In pairs: Ask and answer about birthdays: "When is your birthday? — It's on ...".
- Write five important dates for you using ordinal numbers and the written format "10th May" and the spoken form "the tenth of May".
Learning Tips
- First, learn the months and the most
Sign up for the full summaryAlready have an account? Sign in
Months and Dates
Klíčové pojmy: The Months of the Year in English and Their Spanish Equivalents, Written Date Format: "10th May" and Spoken Form: "the tenth of May", Ordinal Suffixes: st, nd, rd, th, and the Exception for 11–13, How to Answer "When is your birthday?" with "It's on 22nd June", The Difference Between 'Holidays/Break' (Periods) and 'Public Holiday' (A Single Day Off), How to Identify Seasons on a School Calendar, Examples of Important Dates on Gabriel's Calendar (New Year, Flag Day, Winter break), Recommended Practices: Repeat Aloud and Use Real Calendars, Rule: Ordinal Numbers 11 through 13 Always Use "th", Write Five Personal Dates Using Ordinal Numbers