Test on Cultural Heritage Material Degradation and Cleaning

Question 1: Steam cleaning, as a wet method, is characterized by a lower risk of moistening.

A. Ano

B. Ne

Explanation: The study materials state that Steam cleaning has a "Lower risk of moistening" as one of its characteristics.

Question 2: Which cleaning method is associated with JOS, as depicted in the study materials?

A. Laser cleaning

B. Micro-sandblasting

C. Steam cleaning

D. Chemical dissolution

Explanation: The study materials explicitly link JOS with micro-sandblasting in the section titled 'Micro-sandblasting JOS Specific physical cleaning method - Laser' and under 'Abrasive methods – sandblasting'.

Question 3: The study materials indicate that the primary source of ultrafine dust is mechanical processing of materials in industrial production.

A. Ano

B. Ne

Explanation: The study materials define ultrafine dust as bellow 0.1 µm and list 'mechanical processing of materials in industrial production' as a source under 'Human activity' for general dust emission. However, the materials do not specify the primary source of ultrafine dust or link 'mechanical processing' specifically to ultrafine dust as its primary source. The 'Particle size' section only defines different dust sizes, and the 'Main sources' and 'Dust emission' sections list general sources without specifying which source is primary for ultrafine dust.

Question 4: Based on the provided study materials, which of the following are listed as components of exterior dust?

A. Sulfur oxides

B. Pollen

C. Neon

D. Insoluble soot and fly ash (organic)

Explanation: The study materials list 'pollen' and 'insoluble soot and fly ash (organic)' as components of exterior dust. Sulfur oxides are described as acidic pollutants, and Neon is listed as a gas component of air, not dust.

Question 5: Reaction products and dust particles primarily accumulate on surfaces that are directly exposed to rain.

A. Ano

B. Ne

Explanation: Reaction products and dust particles cumulate and deposit on areas which are not exposed directly to rain.