Test on Congenital Malformations of Pediatric Wrist and Forearm

Question 1: The etiology of congenital pseudarthrosis is unknown.

A. Ano

B. Ne

Explanation: The study materials state, "The etiology of congenital pseudarthrosis is unknown."

Question 2: According to the study materials, what is the generally recommended pronation range for a forearm with unilateral Proximal Radioulnar Synostosis (PRUS) after derotation osteotomy?

A. 0 to 15 degrees of pronation

B. 30 degrees of pronation

C. 10 to 20 degrees of pronation

D. 60 degrees of pronation

Explanation: For unilateral PRUS, the forearm is generally placed in 0 to 15 degrees of pronation after derotation osteotomy. The 30 degrees of pronation is indicated for optimal function for writing and working with small objects in a one-bone forearm (dominant arm), while 10 to 20 degrees of pronation is a bilateral recommendation for the dominant forearm. 60 degrees of pronation is typically the fixed position that indicates the need for surgery, not the optimal post-operative position.

Question 3: Specialized prostheses are generally ineffective at assisting in high-level activities such as mountain bike riding or playing a violin.

A. Ano

B. Ne

Explanation: Specialized prostheses may assist in the performance of higher-level activities, such as mountain bike riding or playing a violin.

Question 4: Which of the following statements accurately describe characteristics of congenital transverse deficiency?

A. It is classified according to the last remaining bone segment.

B. Prostheses have been found to significantly improve performance of everyday activities.

C. The anomalies are generally unilateral, sporadic, and rarely associated with other anomalies.

D. A short below-elbow type is the most common transverse deficiency of the upper extremity.

Explanation: Congenital transverse deficiency is classified according to the last remaining bone segment. These anomalies are generally unilateral, sporadic, and rarely associated with other anomalies. A short below-elbow type of failure of formation is the most common transverse deficiency of the upper extremity. The study materials state that prostheses have not been found to improve performance of everyday activities for these individuals.

Question 5: Other associated anomalies are rare in congenital radial head dislocation.

A. Ano

B. Ne

Explanation: According to the 'Congenital Versus Traumatic Radial Head Dislocation' table, other anomalies are common in congenital radial head dislocation, not rare.