Flashcards on Congenital Hand Contractures in Pediatrics
Congenital Hand Contractures in Pediatrics: Comprehensive Guide
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Pediatric Camptodactyly
80 cards
Card 1
Question: What is camptodactyly?
Answer: A painless flexion contracture of the proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint that is usually gradually progressive and occurs without intra-articular or
Card 2
Question: Which joints are typically not affected by camptodactyly?
Answer: The metacarpophalangeal (MP) and distal interphalangeal (DIP) joints; though compensatory deformities may develop.
Card 3
Question: How is camptodactyly classified in terms of reducibility?
Answer: It is divided into a flexible (reducible) form and a fixed (irreducible) form, with different treatment algorithms for each.
Card 4
Question: What is known about the etiology and pathogenesis of camptodactyly?
Answer: The precise etiology is unknown with no consensus; almost every structure around the PIP joint has been implicated, including skin/subcutaneous tissue
Card 5
Question: Name some proposed skin and subcutaneous tissue changes implicated in camptodactyly.
Answer: Dermal deficiency or contracture and fibrotic changes within subcutaneous tissue or fascia.
Card 6
Question: What periarticular alterations have been proposed as contributors to camptodactyly?
Answer: Contractures of the collateral ligaments or volar plate (or both).
Card 7
Question: Which musculotendinous structures have been implicated in camptodactyly?
Answer: Abnormalities of the flexor tendons, intrinsic muscles (lumbricals and interossei), and the extensor apparatus.
Card 8
Question: How common is camptodactyly in the general population?
Answer: It occurs in less than 1% of the population.
Card 9
Question: Are most cases of camptodactyly symptomatic or asymptomatic?
Answer: Most cases are mild and asymptomatic and probably do not warrant evaluation.
Card 10
Question: Is camptodactyly usually sporadic or inherited?
Answer: Most cases are sporadic, but it can be inherited as an autosomal dominant trait with variable expressivity and incomplete penetrance.