Flashcards on Chronic Hand and Upper Extremity Infections
Chronic Hand & Upper Extremity Infections: Student Guide
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HIV/AIDS
57 cards
Card 1
Question: What CD4+ T-cell count is now considered diagnostic of AIDS regardless of symptoms?
Answer: Less than 200 cells/mm3.
Card 2
Question: At approximately what CD4+ count do most patients with truly opportunistic infections present?
Answer: Less than 100 cells/mm3.
Card 3
Question: Which CD4+ T-cell count range indicates highest risk for death from life‑threatening opportunistic infections?
Answer: Below 50 cells/mm3.
Card 4
Question: What is the hallmark of HIV disease in terms of immune dysfunction?
Answer: Quantitative and qualitative CD4+ T-cell dysfunction.
Card 5
Question: Besides CD4+ T cells, which other immune cells show functional abnormalities in advanced HIV disease?
Answer: B lymphocytes, natural killer cells, and neutrophils.
Card 6
Question: What happens to lymphoid tissue architecture in advanced HIV disease?
Answer: There is almost total dissolution of lymphoid tissue architecture.
Card 7
Question: Which two laboratory measures together provide the best prognostic estimate of HIV clinical course?
Answer: Viral load (plasma HIV RNA) and CD4+ cell count.
Card 8
Question: Name three clinical stages in the spectrum of HIV infection.
Answer: 1) Initial asymptomatic (incubation) stage; 2) Acute retroviral syndrome (primary infection); 3) Chronic persistent lymphadenopathy/clinical latency (
Card 9
Question: How long can the chronic latency (category A) stage last?
Answer: Up to 10 years.
Card 10
Question: What defines AIDS according to the provided content?
Answer: Development of serious opportunistic infections, neoplasms, or other life‑threatening manifestations from progressive HIV‑induced immunosuppression.