Flashcards on Biological Molecules, Enzymes, and Digestion
Biological Molecules, Enzymes, and Digestion: A Guide
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Biological Molecules
13 cards
Card 1
Question: What are biological molecules, and why are they essential for living organisms?
Answer: They are large molecules formed from smaller units; they are essential because they build structures and participate in metabolic reactions.
Card 2
Question: What are the main elements that make up carbohydrates?
Answer: Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen (CHO).
Card 3
Question: Provide an example of a carbohydrate monomer and polymer.
Answer: Monomer: glucose. Polymers: starch, glycogen, and cellulose.
Card 4
Question: What is the function of starch, and where is it found?
Answer: To store energy and nutrients; found in chloroplasts and the cytoplasm of plant cells.
Card 5
Question: Where is glycogen stored, and what is its function?
Answer: It is stored in the liver and muscles; its function is energy and nutrient storage.
Card 6
Question: What is the function of cellulose?
Answer: To provide structural support in the cell walls of plants.
Card 7
Question: What are proteins made of, and what is their general importance?
Answer: They are made of amino acids joined by peptide bonds; they are important for the body's structure and functions, including enzymes.
Card 8
Question: How are proteins formed from amino acids?
Answer: Amino acids link together via peptide bonds to form chains (polypeptides), which then fold to create proteins.
Card 9
Question: What elements does a protein primarily contain?
Answer: Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen (CHON), sometimes sulfur.
Card 10
Question: What are lipids composed of, and what is their basic structure?
Answer: They are fats and oils (CHO); they are composed of a glycerol molecule attached to three fatty acids.