Flashcards on Omvattende Fisika en Chemie Notas
Omvattende Fisika en Chemie Notas vir Studente Sukses
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Basic Chemistry
114 cards
Card 1
Question: What is the electron configuration shown: 'bv 1s2 2s2 2p5' (identify the element type)?
Answer: It indicates valence electrons: 1s2 2s2 2p5 corresponds to a non-metal (halogen) with 7 valence electrons.
Card 2
Question: List the broad categories of elements mentioned.
Answer: Metals, Non-metals, Gases, Liquids, Metalloides.
Card 3
Question: Define electronegativity.
Answer: A measure of an atom's tendency in a molecule to attract bonding electrons.
Card 4
Question: How does electronegativity change (increase or decrease) according to the notes?
Answer: It can either increase or decrease (notes state 'Neem toe' = increases and 'NNeem af' = decreases).
Card 5
Question: Give a concise definition of a chemical bond from the content.
Answer: A mutual attraction between two atoms due to simultaneous attraction between their nuclei and outer electrons; bonded atoms have lower energy and grea
Card 6
Question: What is a Lewis diagram used for?
Answer: A structure showing valence electrons as dots or crosses to display their positions around an element.
Card 7
Question: What rule do Lewis diagrams often follow according to the notes?
Answer: They follow the octet rule (valence electrons equal to the group number of the element).
Card 8
Question: Define metallic (metal) bonding as given.
Answer: Bonding between positive ions and delocalized valence electrons in a metal; electrons move away from atoms leaving a net electron deficiency around ea
Card 9
Question: Define ionic bonding as given.
Answer: Transfer of electrons to form cations (positive ions) and anions (negative ions) that attract to form a formula unit (the simplest empirical formula r
Card 10
Question: What is molar mass (Mr) and how is it expressed?
Answer: The mass of one mole of a substance measured in g·mol⁻¹.